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Community Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM) |
Neighbourhoods and villages, urban and rural communities have the need, capability, and the right to assess and reduce their own exposure to hazards. They have the need because hazards vary greatly in space and time. It is really only at the local level that detailed measures can be planned and undertaken. They have the capability because there is always local knowledge, practice, and resources if they can be effectively mobilised. They have the right because 168 nation states reaffirmed their responsibility for public safety at the World Conference on Disaster Reduction in Kobe, Japan in January, 2005.
The application of Community Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM) is itself 'nested' within Participation and Participatory Action Research (PAR).
1. General resources on Community Based Disaster Risk Management
Videos
- Collection of community-based disaster risk management videos on ProVention's You Tube channel
Key websites
- UNCRD, Sustainability in Community-Based Disaster Management Project
- UNCRD, Urbanisation and Community-Based Disaster Management Project
- ADPC, Community-Based Disaster Risk Management
- Emergency Management Australia (EMA), Community Safety Awareness
- Public Entity Risk Institute, (PERI): Community Leadership in a Risky World - Risk Management Starter Kit
Publications
- Local voices global choices: for successful disaster risk reduction. A collection of case studies about community-centre partnerships for DRR by Christian Aid, Oxfam, Practical Action, Save the Children, Tearfund, CCAPL and ELDS (Malawi), SAHAMATI (Nepal), SAC (Philippines), Mehrangez (Tajikistan), ASONOG, CASM and OCHIDIH (Honduras). October 2008
- Characteristics of a Disaster-Resilient Community: Version 1 (for field testing), August 2007, John Twigg, for the DFID Disaster Risk Reduction Interagency Coordination Group
- UNCRD publication: Sustainability in Grass-Roots Initiatives, Focus on Community Based Disaster Management, April 2003
- UN/ISDR, Mobilizing local communities in reducing disasters
- IFRC, Regional Delegation for Central America Mexico and the Caribbean Proyecto de Análisis de Vulnerabilidades y Capacidades en América Central, (see: "Módulos como resultados del Proyecto" (Spanish))
- Duryog Nivaran, Publications section
- GTZ, Community-Based Disaster Risk Management, Experience gained in Central America
- GTZ, Gestión local de Riesgo Experiencias de América Central
- GTZ, Dimensión de género en la gestión local de riesgo
Hazards
- Caribbean Disaster Emergency Response Agency (CDERA), Fact Sheets on natural and man-made hazards
- Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Are you Ready, Natural Hazards
- UNEP, Asia-Pacific Environmental Outlook, "Natural Hazards"
- BBC Weather "Deluges"
- NOAA Drought information
- Australian Government "Living with Drought"
- African Drought Risk and Development Network
Vulnerability
- Stockholm Environment Institute, Risk and Vulnerability Programme
- VulnerabilityNet
- World Bank, Social Risk Management, Risk & Vulnerability Analysis
- SADC, Vulnerability Assessment Dissemination Platform
- South Bank University, Improved Vulnerability and Capacity Analysis for Community-Based Disaster Mitigation
- International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD), Vulnerability and Adaptation in the South
- World Food Program, Vulnerability Analysis and Mapping, VAM
- Vulnerability Assessment Techniques and Applications (VATA)
- Ben Wisner, Piers Blaikie, Terry Cannon, and Ian Davis, At Risk. Natural hazards, people's vulnerability and disasters [pp. 1-124]
- Omar Cardona, O. The need for rethinking concepts of vulnerability and risk from a holistic perspective: A necessary review and criticism for Effective Risk Management
- Morrow, B.H. Identifying and mapping community vulnerability
- Mark Pelling, Tracing the Roots of Urban Risk and Vulnerability (extract from "The vulnerability of cities. Natural disasters and social resilience" Earthscan)
- John Handmer, We Are All Vulnerable
- Ben Wisner, Notes on Social Vulnerability: Categories, Situations, Capabilities, and Circumstances
- Terry Cannon, John Twigg and Jennifer Rowell, Social vulnerability, Sustainable Livelihoods and Disasters, Report to DFID, see: Table 3: Writing on vulnerability analysis methods pp. 60-63
- Yosbanis Roque, Risk Assessment. The first step
- Downing, T.E. and Patwardhan, A. Vulnerability Assessment For Climate Adaptation
- Klein. R.J.T. Approaches, Methods and Tools for Climate Change Impact, Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment
- Ford, J., Integrated approaches to vulnerability assessment in the climate change literature
- Klein. R.J.T. Approaches, Methods and Tools for Climate Change Impact, Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment
- Moss, R. et al. Measuring Vulnerability: A trial indicator set
- Jesse Manuta & Louis Lebel, Climate change and the risks of flood disasters in Asia: crafting adaptive and just institutions. Unit for Social and Environmental Research, Chang Mai University, Chang Mai, Thailand, June, 2005
Capacity / resilience
- Resilience Alliance
- UNFCCC, Database on local coping strategies
- World Bank, Indigenous Knowledge Program
- IFRC, World Disaster Report 2004, Focus on community resilience
- IDRC, Working with Indigenous Knowledge, Louise Grenier
- ISET, Adaptive Capacity and Livelihood Resilience, Adaptive strategies for responding to floods and droughts in South Asia, Marcus Moench; Ajaya Dixit (eds.)
- Emergency Management Australia (EMA), Assessment of Personal & Community Resilience & Vulnerability, Philip Buckle, Graham Marsh and Sydney Smale, May 2001
- Local Knowledge and Disaster Risk Reduction, Keynote, Side Meeting on Indigenous Knowledge, Global Platform for Disaster Reduction, Geneva, 17 June 2009, Ben Wisner
2. Community risk assessment
In this section, we provide additional resources for accomplishing community risk assessment. The CRA methods and related case studies which are included in the CRA toolkit are available here. Resources below assist in analysing hazards, vulnerabilities, and capacities - the components generally agreed to constitute risk (relations often summarized as R = (H x V)/C).
This section contains simple fact sheets on a wide range of natural hazards for use in the context of disaster risk assessment at the community level.
Key websites
Conceptual articles
Vulnerability in climate change adaptation literature
Websites
Publications
3. Community Based Disaster Preparedness
- Red Cross and Red Crescent
- Vietnam RC, An introduction to disaster preparedness for primary school children, (PDF, 1.7 MB)
- Fiji RC, Disaster preparedness lessons: a teaching manual for schools in Fiji, (PDF, 1.5 MB)
- Canadian RC, Expect the Unexpected : activity booklet for students (For students aged 7-8, 10-11 and 12-13)
- Canadian RC, Expect the Unexpected : facilitator's guide by Canadian RC (For students aged 7-8, 10-11 and 12-13)
- Canadian RC, Let's Plan for the Unexpected: notes and exercises to prepare for emergencies (PDF, 3.8 MB)
- Caribbean RC, Better Be Ready campaign kit (PDF, 1.1 MB)
- American RC, Disaster preparedness for people with disabilities
- Kandilli Observatory, AHEP (Disaster Preparedness Education Program)
- FEMA
4. Community Based Disaster Mitigation
Key websites:
Publications
5. Community Based Disaster Recovery
Manuals
- The United Nations University (1996), The long road to recovery: Community responses to industrial disaster
- UNCRD/SEEDS, The Sustainable Community Rehabilitation Handbook
- National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster (NVOAD), Long-Term Recovery Manual
- ITDG, Guidelines for planning in the re-building process - Resource pack
- Emergency Management of Australia's Emergency Manual Series, Community Development in Recovery from Disaster
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Natural Hazards Research and Applications Center guidelines for Holistic Disaster Recovery
Case studies
- Humanitarian Exchange, ODI/HPN, Community-driven reconstruction: a new strategy for recovery
- University of Montreal,Suleyman Demirel University, Sir Wilfred Laurier University, Truths and myths about community participation in post-disaster housing projects
- GTZ, El Salvador - Proyecto de reconstrucción con inclusión de la gestión de riesgo
- GTZ, Perú - Proyecto de reconstrucción con inclusión de la gestión de riesgo
- UNCRD, From disaster to community development: the Kobe experience
- SEEDS, Women's Participation in Disaster Relief and Recovery